## [1] "data.frame"
## [1] "X" "fixed.acidity" "volatile.acidity"
## [4] "citric.acid" "residual.sugar" "chlorides"
## [7] "free.sulfur.dioxide" "total.sulfur.dioxide" "density"
## [10] "pH" "sulphates" "alcohol"
## [13] "quality"
## 'data.frame': 4898 obs. of 13 variables:
## $ X : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
## $ fixed.acidity : num 7 6.3 8.1 7.2 7.2 8.1 6.2 7 6.3 8.1 ...
## $ volatile.acidity : num 0.27 0.3 0.28 0.23 0.23 0.28 0.32 0.27 0.3 0.22 ...
## $ citric.acid : num 0.36 0.34 0.4 0.32 0.32 0.4 0.16 0.36 0.34 0.43 ...
## $ residual.sugar : num 20.7 1.6 6.9 8.5 8.5 6.9 7 20.7 1.6 1.5 ...
## $ chlorides : num 0.045 0.049 0.05 0.058 0.058 0.05 0.045 0.045 0.049 0.044 ...
## $ free.sulfur.dioxide : num 45 14 30 47 47 30 30 45 14 28 ...
## $ total.sulfur.dioxide: num 170 132 97 186 186 97 136 170 132 129 ...
## $ density : num 1.001 0.994 0.995 0.996 0.996 ...
## $ pH : num 3 3.3 3.26 3.19 3.19 3.26 3.18 3 3.3 3.22 ...
## $ sulphates : num 0.45 0.49 0.44 0.4 0.4 0.44 0.47 0.45 0.49 0.45 ...
## $ alcohol : num 8.8 9.5 10.1 9.9 9.9 10.1 9.6 8.8 9.5 11 ...
## $ quality : int 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ...
## X fixed.acidity volatile.acidity citric.acid
## Min. : 1 Min. : 3.800 Min. :0.0800 Min. :0.0000
## 1st Qu.:1225 1st Qu.: 6.300 1st Qu.:0.2100 1st Qu.:0.2700
## Median :2450 Median : 6.800 Median :0.2600 Median :0.3200
## Mean :2450 Mean : 6.855 Mean :0.2782 Mean :0.3342
## 3rd Qu.:3674 3rd Qu.: 7.300 3rd Qu.:0.3200 3rd Qu.:0.3900
## Max. :4898 Max. :14.200 Max. :1.1000 Max. :1.6600
## residual.sugar chlorides free.sulfur.dioxide
## Min. : 0.600 Min. :0.00900 Min. : 2.00
## 1st Qu.: 1.700 1st Qu.:0.03600 1st Qu.: 23.00
## Median : 5.200 Median :0.04300 Median : 34.00
## Mean : 6.391 Mean :0.04577 Mean : 35.31
## 3rd Qu.: 9.900 3rd Qu.:0.05000 3rd Qu.: 46.00
## Max. :65.800 Max. :0.34600 Max. :289.00
## total.sulfur.dioxide density pH sulphates
## Min. : 9.0 Min. :0.9871 Min. :2.720 Min. :0.2200
## 1st Qu.:108.0 1st Qu.:0.9917 1st Qu.:3.090 1st Qu.:0.4100
## Median :134.0 Median :0.9937 Median :3.180 Median :0.4700
## Mean :138.4 Mean :0.9940 Mean :3.188 Mean :0.4898
## 3rd Qu.:167.0 3rd Qu.:0.9961 3rd Qu.:3.280 3rd Qu.:0.5500
## Max. :440.0 Max. :1.0390 Max. :3.820 Max. :1.0800
## alcohol quality
## Min. : 8.00 Min. :3.000
## 1st Qu.: 9.50 1st Qu.:5.000
## Median :10.40 Median :6.000
## Mean :10.51 Mean :5.878
## 3rd Qu.:11.40 3rd Qu.:6.000
## Max. :14.20 Max. :9.000
##
## 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
## 20 163 1457 2198 880 175 5
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 3.000 5.000 6.000 5.878 6.000 9.000
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 2.720 3.090 3.180 3.188 3.280 3.820
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 8.00 9.50 10.40 10.51 11.40 14.20
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.9871 0.9917 0.9937 0.9940 0.9961 1.0390
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.2200 0.4100 0.4700 0.4898 0.5500 1.0800
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 9.0 108.0 134.0 138.4 167.0 440.0
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 2.00 23.00 34.00 35.31 46.00 289.00
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.600 1.700 5.200 6.391 9.900 65.800
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.00900 0.03600 0.04300 0.04577 0.05000 0.34600
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.0000 0.2700 0.3200 0.3342 0.3900 1.6600
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 0.0800 0.2100 0.2600 0.2782 0.3200 1.1000
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 3.800 6.300 6.800 6.855 7.300 14.200
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$quality and wq$density
## t = -22.581, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.3322718 -0.2815385
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.3071233
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$alcohol and wq$density
## t = -87.255, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.7908646 -0.7689315
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.7801376
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$residual.sugar and wq$density
## t = 107.87, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.8304732 0.8470698
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.8389665
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$free.sulfur.dioxide and wq$density
## t = 21.54, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.2684156 0.3195836
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.2942104
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$total.sulfur.dioxide and wq$density
## t = 43.719, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.5094349 0.5497297
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.5298813
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq$residual.sugar and wq$alcohol
## t = -35.321, df = 4896, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.4726723 -0.4280267
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.4506312
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq_r$quality and wq_r$residual.sugar
## t = -7.1651, df = 4815, p-value = 8.953e-13
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.13057389 -0.07468736
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.1027117
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq_c$quality and wq_c$chlorides
## t = -18.254, df = 4427, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.2917543 -0.2369700
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.2645756
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq_f$quality and wq_f$free.sulfur.dioxide
## t = 0.75958, df = 4806, p-value = 0.4475
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.01731668 0.03921132
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.01095607
##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: wq_t$quality and wq_t$total.sulfur.dioxide
## t = -13.024, df = 4798, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.2119747 -0.1573235
## sample estimates:
## cor
## -0.1847919
##
## 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
## 20 163 1457 2198 880 175 5
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 3.000 5.000 6.000 5.878 6.000 9.000